Menene Electromagnetic Radiation?

Shin ko kasan tayaya sakonnin internet da kake aikawa kaman text na Email, da SMS, da kiraye kirayen wayar salula tayaya suke tafiya? Shin ko kasan tayaya sakonnin Facebook, da WhatsApp, da Twitter, da kuma Instagram suke tafiya idan ka aikasu, ko kuma idan aka aikoma? Ko kasan tayaya likitoci suke daukan hoton kayan cikin mutun da kuma na dabobi? Shin ko kasan saurin haske kuwa? Ko kasan menene binary? Zaka samu amsar dukkan wadannan tambayoyin a wannan darasin da wasu masu zuwa a gaba insha Allahu, kawai kai dai ka ci gaba da karatu.

Electromagnetic Radiation ko kuma EMR a takaice, yana nufin tafiyar da karfin electric da magnet a cikin sarari ta hanyar haske. Wadannan radiation din suna da matukar amfani a fannin lafiya, da kuma cigaban sadarwar zamani ta na'urori da wayoyin hannu.

Electromagnetic Radiation wasu irin jerin haske ne da idon dan Adam baya iya ganin su wadanda suke tafiya da saurin haske, wato suna tafiyar mita miliyan dari uku a duk dakika daya (300, 000, 000m/s), wato daidai da tafiyar kilomita dubu dari uku duk dakika daya (300 000km/s). Idan aka ce dakika a Hausa ana nufin second.

Wadannan radiation din guda bakwai ne, kuma ga jerin sunayen su kaman haka:
1. Gamma rays
2. X-rays
3. Ultraviolet rays
4. Visible lights
5. Infrared rays
6. Radiowaves
7. Microwaves

Wadannan radiation din muna iya rabasu gida uku. Idan muka rabasu za mu ga wasunsu suna kama da wasu, hakama dabi'un su suna kama. Biyun farko wato Gamma rays, da X-rays sunfi kama, sai Ultraviolet rays shima yana kama da su, kuma kusan dabi'un su iri daya ne, amma sai dai wani yafi wani karfi. Visible lights da Infrared rays suna kama sosai, sai dai idon mu Visible light kawai yake iya gani. Sannan kuma sai Radiowaves da Microwaves suma suna kama, sannan dabi'un, da aikin su duk iri daya ne. Radiation din nan guda bakwai akwai wadanda suke kama sosai, sai dai wani yafi wani wavelength, wani kuma yafi wani frequency.

1. Gamma Rays
Gamma rays daya ne daga cikin electromagnetic radiation wanda yana da amfani kuma yana da hadari tare da muguwar illa ga dan Adam da sauran abubuwa masu rai. Gamma rays shine yafi kowane radiation karfi daga cikinsu bakwai din nan.

Gamma rays wani haskene da yake iya kashe cell din abu mai rai. Haka kuma Gamma rays ana iya amfani da shi a matsayi wuka lokacin da akeyiwa mara lafiya aikin fida. Sannan ana amfani shi domin magance cutar dashi ko cancer a turance.

2. X-rays
X-rays wani haske wanda idon dan Adam baya iya ganinsa saboda karfinsa. Kuma haskene mai matukar karfi wanda yake iya ratsa fatar dan Adam ya wuce. Ana iya amfani dashi wajen daukan hoton kayan cikin mutum dana dabba. Kuma a kamfanoni da masana'antu ana amfani dashi domin duba tsakanin karafunan da aka walde.

3. Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet wani haskene ruwan hoda (violet) mai matukar illa da cutarwa ga dan Adam domin yana iya kona fatar mutum. Sai dai ana amfani dashi domin kashe kwari da kananun halittun da suke cikin ruwa. Wajen kera kudi na takadda ana amfani da hasken ultraviolet.

4. Visible light
Visible light shine farin haske wanda yake bamu daman mu kalli kowane abu da asalin launinsa. Visible light ba farin haske bane, haduwar launuka daban daban na haske yasa ake ganinsa a matsayin farin haske. Wannan hasken ana amfani dashi wajen daukan hoto. Sannan kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin optical fibre cable wadanda suke tafiyar da sakonnin internet.

5. Infrared
Infrared wani jan haskene mai zafi wanda idon dan Adam baya iya ganinsa. Wanda kuma ake amfani dashi domin tafiyar da karfi ko sakon sadarwa a tsakanin na'urori. Infrared yana da zafi, kuma ana amfani dashi domin daukan hoton sassan jikin dan Adam da yake da zafi. Kuma ana amfani dashi tsakanin remote da talabijin. Hakama ana amfani da sadarwarsa domin tura abubuwa a tsakanin na'urori.

6. Microwaves
Microwaves da radiowaves sunada yanayi iri daya, kuma duk suna daukan sakonnin sadarwa masu matukar yawa, sannan su tafiyar da a cikin kankanin lokaci. Microwaves yana daukan sakonnin sadarwa na talabijin, da kiraye kirayen waya fiye da radiowaves. Sannan kuma ana amfani da su domin sadarwa tsakanin jirgin ruwa na yaki da barikin soji dake cikin gari.

7. Radiowaves
Radiowaves yana daukar sakonnin sadarwa na satellite talabijin da rediyo da mai yawa kuma ya tafiyar dasu cikin second a cikin kankanin lokaci. Kaman yanda mukayi bayaninsu a sama. Jiragen sama suma suna amfani da wannan sadarwa domin magana da abokan aikinsu da suke tashohin jiragen sama.

Duka wadannan haske guda bakwai din suna kunshe a cikin rana. Amma wasu sinadarai da suke cikin sararin samaniya suna kashe Gamma rays, da X-rays, da Ultraviolet rays. Kuma akwai na'urori da ake kerawa domin su samar da wadancan hasken domin amfani dasu.

Binary wasu lambobi ne guda biyu, wato da 0 da 1, duk abun da computer zata karanta, ko ajiye shi akanta takan ajiyeshi a matsayin 0 da 1 ne. Sannan kuma duk wani sako da ya shiga cikin na'ura misali waya a matsayin waves takan juyashi zuwa binary a cikinta. Idan kuma zata aikashi sai ta canzashi daga binary zuwa waves. Misali idan kana kiran mutum a waya, maganar da kakeyi masa ko kuma shi yake yi tana shiga wayar ne a matsayin waves, daga nan sai wayar ta juyasu zuwa binary.

Za mu dakata anan, da fatan ana amfanuwa da darusan muke rubutawa a shafin nan. Ku ci gaba da kasancewa da shafin nan, domin samun bayanai akan kimiyya da fasahar zamani. Mun gode.