Menene SPEED?

Ababen hawa kaman motoci, da jirage, da kekuna sun zama abokan huldar mai tafiya. Domin da su ake amfani a je duk inda ake bukatar zuwa cikin sauki. Wadannan ababen hawan saurinsu ya banbanta wani yafi wani sauri. A cikin darasin nan zamu nuna yanda ake gano saurin da ababen hawa su ke yi a lokacin da su ka yi wata tafiya.

Speed yana nufin sauri ko gudu ko kuma saurin tafiyar abun hawa a lokacin da yake tafiya. Sannan kuma speed scalar quantity ne.

Idan aka ce speed ana nufin saurin da abu yayi ko kuma yake yi a lokaci da yake tafiya. Wannan saurin ya dogara ne gaba daya akan nisan da abu yayi, da kuma lokacin da yayi kafin ya je inda zai je. Wadannan abubuwa guda biyun wato nisa da lokaci da su ake amfani a gano saurin da abun yake yi a tafiyar sa.

Ana gano ko lissafa saurin abu ta hanyar amfani da nisan da yayi, da kuma lokacin da yayi a wannan tafiyar. Adadin nisan da abu yayi za a rabawa lokacin da ya dauka kafin ya tafi wannan nisan.

Idan za a yi lissafi, lokaci (time) ana baiyana shi a matsayin sa'a (hour), ko minti (minute), ko kuma dakika (second). Tsayi ko nisa (distance) kuma ana lissafashi a matsayin mita (metre), ko kilomita (kilometre), ko mil (mile). Saurin abu kuma wato speed (v) ana baiyana shi a matsayin adadin nisan kilomita a cikin sa'a daya (kmph), da kuma adadin nisan mil a cikin sa'a daya (mph). Sai dai mafi yawa ana amfani da (m/s) wato adadin tafiyar mita a cikin second daya. Wadannan ko da jikin malejin mota ko mashin zaka samesu idan ka duba.

Misali, ana so a gano saurin da motar nan tayi lokacin da tayi tafiya mai nisan mita hamsin (50m) a cikin second sha biyar (15s). Idan zaka lissafa saurin abu sai kayi amfani da wannan formula:
v=d/t.

v yana nufin speed, d kuma yana nufin adadin nisan da abu yayi a tafiyar sa, sai kuma t wato lokaci.

Sai ka zo ka yi haka:
v= d/t
v= (50m)/(15s)
v= 3.33m/s

Wato motar nan tana tafiyar mita uku da digo talatin da uku duk second daya. Ko kuma ace 3.33 metre per second a turance. Amma ana amfani da takaitattun harufa da lambabi wato 3.33m/s.

A misalin nan na sama motar tayi tafiyar mita hamsin. Kenan nisan da tayi bai kai kilomita daya ba. Saboda mita dubu (1000m) ita ce take daidai da kilomita daya (1km). Idan muka juya nisan da motar tayi wato mita hamsin (50m) yana daidai da nisan kilomita sifili da digo sifili da biyar (0.05km).

Sannan kuma tayi tafiyar second sha biyar wanda baikai ko minti daya ba. Idan zamu juya second zuwa minti a kowane minti daya (1m) akwai second sittin - haka kuma akwai minti sittin (60m) a cikin hour daya (1hr). Idan muka ce sittin sau sittin (60x60) wato akwai second dubu uku da dari shida (3600s).

Idan aka raba goma sha biyar ga dubu uku da dari shida (15/3600) zai bada 0.00417hr. Wannan saurin da motar tayi a lokacin da tayi wannan tafiya yana daidai da saurin tafiyar kilomita sha biyu a duk hour daya (12kmph).

Ga yanda ake lissafin:
v= d/t
v= (0.05km)/(0.00417hr)
v= 11.9904070674km/hr
v= 12kmph

kmph da km/hr duk abu daya ne - wato dukkansu su na nufin kilometre per hour. Sannan kuma 11.9904070674km/hr a takaice yana daidai da 12kmph kaman yanda yake a ka'idar lissafi.