Menene Sputnik 1 Satellite?

Sputnik 1 satellite shine satellite na farko wanda dan Adam ya kera, sannan aka harba shi cikin sarari yayi aiki, ya kawo bayanai akan yanayi da sarari zuwa doron kasa. Sputnik 1 satellite an harba shi cikin sarari a ranar hudu ga watan goma na shekarar 1957. Taraiyar Soviet karkashin jagorancin kasar rasha (Russia) ne suka hada shi, kuma suka harba shi sararin samaniya, domin samun cikakkun bayanai akan sararin samaniya.

Sputnik 1 satellite yana da nauyin kilogram tamanin da hudu a takaice (84kg). Sannan kuma yana gudun kilomita dubu ashirin da tara duk sa'a daya (29 000kmph), daidai da gudu miles dubu sha takwas a sa'a daya (18,000mph) wato tafiyar mita takwas duk dakika daya (8.100m/s). Yana zagaye duniya gaba daya da wannan saurin a cikin minti casa'in da shida da wani abu (96mins). Sputnik 1 ya zagaye duniya sau dubu daya da dari hudu da arba'in (1440 completed) a lokacin da yake aiki. Kuma yayi tafiyar da takai nisan akalla kilomita miliyan saba'in (70, 000, 000km) daidai nisan miles miliyan arba'in da uku (43, 000, 000miles) lokacin da yake aiki. Sputnik 1 satellite yana kawo bayanai da sauri ko karfin frequency miliyan dubu ashirin zuwa dubu arba'in (20.005 - 40.002MHz). Wanda a duniya anganshi ko kuma anyi amfani dasu, musamman masu tafiyar sadarwa ta radio signal.

Sputnik 1 satellite yana LEO wato Low Earth Orbit, daidai tsakanin nisan kilomita dari da sittin zuwa dubu biyu (160-2000km). Saboda tsakanin sa da doron kasa nisan kilomita dari takwas (800km) ne.

An harba shi zuwa cikin sarari a yankin Baikonour, da Rocket mai suna Sputnik 8k71PS. Sputnik 1 an hada shi da dalma mai kyalli wacce aka goge ta sosai, kuma yana da siffar kwallo (sphere). Jikin sa akwai wasu kafafuwa guda hudu da suke aiki a matsayin antenna, wadanda suke taimaka masa wajen turo sakonni zuwa doron kasa ta sadarwar Radiowaves.

A lokacin da yake aiki Sputnik 1 ya kawo bayanai har tsawon kwanaki ashirin da daya. Sai dai daga ranar ashirin da shida ga watan goma na shekarar 1957, ba'a kara samun sadarwa dashi ba. Sputnik 1 ya kone a ranar 4 ga watan January na shekarar 1958 yayin da yake dawowa doron kasa. Bayan kusan watanni uku da yayi yana aikin zagaye duniya da kawo bayanai.

Radio signal din da Sputnik 1 yake bayarwa tana da sukin kamawa ga na'urorin da suke aiki da sadarwa ta Radiowaves. Sputnik 1 satellite yana kusurwa da sittin da biyar (65 angle). Amurka ta shiga gasar kera kere da taraiyar soviet ko rasha - tun bayan da ita taraiyar soviet ta harba wannan satellite din.

Wannan yasa har yanzu su ke rige rige a fannin kimiyya da fasha. Amma a yanzu ana iya cewa Amurka ta sha gaban rasha kadan bayan rushewar taraiyar soviet. Saboda taraiyar soviet kasashe ne kusan sha hudu suka hadu suka kafa wannan taraiyyar da ake kira Soviet union a turance. Bayan rushewar wannan taraiyar sai kowace kasa take tafiyar da harkokin ta ita kadai. Wanda hakan yabawa Amurka daman wuce sauran kasashe abokan hamaiyar ta.

Zamu tsaya nan fatan ana amfanuwa da abubuwan da ake karantawa a shafin nan. Mun gode!📡