Menene pronoun?

Pronoun yana nufin wakilin suna. Wakilin suna shine sunan da yake maye gurbin asalin sunan mutum ko wani abu a cikin magana ko rubutu. Wakilin suna yana maye gurbin asalin sunan da aka yi amfani dashi a farkon jimla, ko farkon bayani, ta yanda ba sai an sake maimaita wancan sunan ba - kawai wata kalma za a saka a maimakon asalin sunan. Kuma ita wannan kalmar duk wanda ya ganta zai fahimci cewa tana wakiltar wancan sunan da aka ambata a farkon bayani.

Misali, mu ce 'Nura ya rubuta wasika, Nura ya konata, sannan Nura ya sake rubuta wata wasikar'. Duk wanda ya karanta jimlar nan zai fahimci abun da ake nufi, kuma zai samu an maimaita sunan mai aikin, kenan zai fahimci cewa ba a yi amfani da fasahar nahawu ba a cikin jimlar. Amma idan da 'Nura ya rubuta wasika, ya konata, sannan ya sake rubuta wata' ya gani an rubuta, shi kansa zai san jumlar ta futo yanda ake bukata.

Misalan wakilan suna sune ita (she); da shi (he); da su (they); da ku (you); da mu (we); da ni (I); da kuma ku, ko kai, ko ke (you). Sannan kuma sai kalmar (it) wanda ake amfani da ita domin ta wakilci sunan abu mara rai. Wannan kalmar itama kaman (you) take ana iya amfani da ita a jinsin mace ko jinsin namiji, amma na abu daya. Sannan kuma duk wadannan wakilan sunan na sama ana amfani dasu a matsayin mai aiki (subject). Amma It da You ana amfani dasu a wajen mai aiki (subject) da kuma wanda aiki ya fada masa (object). Sai dai bambamcin shine You ana iya amfani da ita ta wakilici mutane masu yawa maza ko mata, kuma amfani da ita ta wakilci mutum daya mace ko namiji.

Wakilin suna na mai aiki shine asalin sunan mai aikin ko kuma asalin suna abun da yayi aikin. Sai kuma wadannan kalmomin: ita (she), da shi (he), da su (they), da ku (you), da mu (we), da ni (I) gaba dayan su ana amfani dasu a wajen mai aiki wato subject. Akwai kuma wakilin suna na mallaka wato nashi (his), nata (her), namu (our) nasu (their) bayaninsu yana nan tafe idan Allah ya so.

Nura kicked a stationary ball, and it then bounced off the wall. Wato Nura ya bugi kwallon da take tsaye, sannan ta bugi bango ta dawo. Maimakon mu ce 'Nura ya bugi kwallon da take tsaye, sannan kwallon ta bugi bango ta dawo' sai mu ka ce 'Nura ya bugi kwallon da take tsaye, sannan ta bugi bango ta dawo' wato mun maye sunan kwallon da wakilin sunanta. Kenan ba sai mun sake maimaita sunan kwallon ba wakilin suna ya wadatar.

Wakilin suna na wanda aiki ya fada masa (object) kuma ana amfani da asalin sunan abun da aiki ya fada akansa, ko kuma asalin sunan mutumin da aiki ya fada masa. Sai kuma wadannan kalmomin: ita (her); da shi (him); da su (them); da ke, ko kai, ko ku (you); da mu (us); da ni (me). Wadannan kalmomin duk ana amfani dasu a cikin magana ko jimla a inda ake saka sunan wanda aiki ya fada masa wato object.

Karin bayani akan jinsi, 'it' tana daukan jinsin mace ko namiji, amma sunan abu daya. 'You' kuma tana daukan jinsin mace ko namiji na mutane masu yawa, sannan kuma ana amfani da ita a matsayin ke, ko kai ko ku maza ko mata.

Bari mu yi misalin yanda ake aiki da wakilin suna.

1. He is a boy.
Ma'ana: shi yarone.

2. She is a student.
Ma'ana: ita dalibace.

3. They are marketers.
Ma'ana: su 'yan kasuwane.

4. We are farmers.
Ma'ana: mu manoma ne.

5. It is a red car.
Ma'ana: ita motar jace.

6. They gave us a delicious food.
Ma'ana: sun bamu abinci mai dadi.

7. We visit them when we are free.
Ma'ana: mukan ziyarce su a lokacinda bamayin komai.

8. She and I love each other.
Ma'ana: ni da ita muna son junanmu.

A misalai guda takwas da mu ka yi a sama mun yi amfani da wakilan suna maimakon mu ambaci sunan mutane daya bayan daya. Kaman a misalin karfe maimakon na ambaci sunana da sunanta, sai na ce ni da ita muna son junanmu wanda hakanma ya wadatar.

9. I beat him.
Ma'ana: Na dakeshi.

10. She have told me the story.
Ma'ana: Ta fadamun labarin.

A misalai biyu na karshen nan na tara da na goma akwai wakilin suna guda hudu. Biyu na mai aiki, biyu na wanda aiki ya fada masa. Muna so a yi mana comment dasu. Idan kuma akwai mai tambaya to yana iya rubutata a wajen comment kasa.

Haka kuma zaku iya tambaya akan duk abun da babu gane ba, mu kuma zamu baku amsa, idan Allah yasa mun san amsar tambayarku. Sannan daga karshe kuma muna fatan zamu sake ganinku a shafin nan. Mun gode, ahuta lafiya!