Menene verb?

Bayan gama bayanai game da noun, da kuma pronoun a cikin darusan koyan turanci darasi na gaba shine verb. Kuma da ikon Allah a cikin darasin nan za mu duba menene verb, da kuma yanda ake aiki da shi a cikin jumla.

1. Nura is (writing) a letter.
Ma'ana: Nura ya na (rubuta) wasika.

2. Fatima (boiled) a water.
Ma'ana: Fatima ta (tafasa) ruwa.

3. Muhammad (watches) a news everyday.
Ma'ana: Muhammadu ya kan (kalli) labarai a kowace rana.

4. His pen (broken) when she was (writing) a letter.
Ma'ana: Bironsa ya (karye) a lokacin da ya ke (rubuta) wasika.

5. Monkey has (climbed) a mango tree at zoo.
Ma'ana: Biri ya (hau) bishiyar mangwaro a gidan ajiye namun daji.

To a misalan nan na sama writing, da boiled, da watches, da broken, da kuma climbed su ne aiyukan da aka yi a cikin wadannan jumlolin.

Menene verb?

Verb ya na nufin aiki. Duk wani aiki da wani mutum ko wata dabba ko wani abu zai yi sunanshi verb. Idan aka ce verb ana nufin kowane aiki da wanda gabobi su ke motsawa, da wanda ba sa motsawa. Hatta aiki ko matsawar da abu ma ra rai ya ke yi sunansa verb.

Misalin aikin da gabobi su ke motsawa kaman tafiya (walking), ko tsalle (jumping), ko rawa (dancing), ko yin rubutu (writing) da sauransu. Aiyukan da gababi ba a ganin su na motsawa su ne: tunani (thinking), mafarki (dream), da kallo (watching), ko saurare (listen) da sauransu.

Shi verb kalmominsa a na iya cewa, saboda duk wani da za a ce an yi ko za a yi sunan shi, ko da an yi ko kuma ba a yi ba.

Aiyukan verb an rabasu zuwa zamani ko lokaci (tense) uku. Wato da aikin da ake kan yi yanzu (present tense), da wanda za a yi nan gaba (future tense), da kuma wanda aka gama (past tense). Kowane daga cikin wannan lokacin shima an rabashi gida hudu, kenan zamanin aiki su goma sha biyune a nahawun turanci. Idan Allah ya so za mu yi bayanin guda uku daga cikinsu.

Present tense

Present tense shine aikin da ake kan yin sa a yanzu. Misali, kaman kai da ka ke karanta darasin nan yanzu shima present tense ne. Sannan kuma karshen kalmar aikin ya na karewa da harufan (ing). Misali (read), idan aka kara ma sa (ing), zai zama (reading). Sannan kuma bayan ka rubuta suna ko wakilin suna ko baiyanau kafin ka rubuta aikin sai ka sa helping verb, wato daya daga cikin wadannan kalmomin (am), ko (is), ko (are).

Kalmar (am) ana amfani da ita a gaba da I kadai. Misali (I am) reading. Sai kuma (is) ana amfani a gaba da (he), ko (she), ko (it), ko sunan mutum daya, ko wani abu daya, amma ban da I. Misali, Fatima is (reading). Sai kalmar (are) ita kuma ana amfani da ita a bayan (you), ko (we), ko (they), ko sunan mutane ma su yawa, ko abubuwa ma su yawa. Misali, they (are) reading.

Sannan kuma duk kalmar da ta ke karewa da harafin (e), za a cire (e) din sai a saka (ing) a wajensa. Misali, date, ko make, ko bake za su koma dating, ko making, ko baking, ba dateing, ko makeing, ko bakeing ba.

Misalan present tense

6. Nura is (typing) his phone.
Ma'ana: Nura ya na (rubutu) a wayarsa.

7. Muhammad is (washing) his hands.
Ma'ana: Muhammadu ya na (wanke) hannayensa.

8. Fatima is (cooking) a food.
Ma'ana: Fatima ta na (girkin) abinci.

9. Goat is (grazing) in a farmland.
Ma'ana: Akuya ta na (cin) ciyawa a gidan gona.

10. Lizard is (climbing) a tree.
Ma'ana: Kadangare ya na (hawa) bishiya.

Future tense

Future tense shine aikin da za a yi nan gaba, ko anjima, ko gobe, ko shekara mai kamawa, ko shekaru ma su a gaba. Future ya na nufin nan gaba, tense kuma aiki, wato aikin da zai faru nan gaba. Misali, zan tafi, ko zamu sha ruwa anjima, ko shekara mai kamawa za mu gama makaranta, da aiyuka makamantansu.

Future tense akan yi amfani da helping verb guda biyune kadai, kuma su ne (will), da (shall). Sannan wadannan helping verb din ana sakasu a tsakanin suna, ko wakilin suna, ko siffatau da aiki, kuma kalmar aiki ba a kara ma ta komai, kuma ba a cire ma ta komai. Misali, I (will) read.

Misalan future tense

11. Nura (will buy) a phone.
Ma'ana: Nura (zai siya) waya.

12. Muhammad (will graduate) next year.
Ma'ana: Muhammadu (zai gama) makaranta, shekara mai zuwa.

13. We (shall pray) for him.
Ma'ana: (Za mu yi) ma sa addu'a.

14. Fatima (shall sweep) the house.
Ma'ana: Fatima (za ta share) gidan.

15. Aliyu and I (will attend) the party.
Ma'ana: Ni da Aliyu (za mu halarci) bikin.

Past tense

Past tense kuma shine zamani ko lokacin da ya shude, ko kuma aikin da aka yi a lokacin da ya wuce, ko aikin da aka gama. Misali, na rubuta (I wrote), ka gani (you saw), ta girka abinci (she cooked a food).

Misalan past tense

16. I (wrote) a letter to her.
Ma'ana: Na (rubuta) ma ta wasika.

17. She (sewed) a cap.
Ma'ana: Ta (dinka) hula.

18. They (played) yesterday.
Ma'ana: Sun yi (wasa) jiya.

19. It (hit) the post.
Ma'ana: Kwallo ta bugi raga.

20. You (made) the plans.
Ma'ana: Kai ka (shirya) tsare-tsaren.

Wannan shine verb da misalansa, sannan ku na iya rubuto na ku misalan a wajen comment da ya ke can kasa, domin wasu su gani su amfana.

Za mu dakata a nan da fatan a na amfanuwa da darusan da mu ke rubutawa a shafin nan. Idan kuma akwai mai tambaya sai ya yi kasa wajen comment ya rubuta ta za mu amsa, idan Allah ya sa mun sani.

Domin ci gaba da samun darusan koyan turanci a ci gaba da kasancewa da shafin nan. Ku na iya gaiyato ma na 'yan uwa da abokan arziki zuwa shafin nan domin su ma su amfani. Mun gode, sai mun sake ganinku.